This book introduces four waves of upsurge in digital activism and cyberconflict. The rise of digital activism started in 1994, was transformed by the events of 9/11, culminated in 2011 with the Arab Spring uprisings, and entered a transformative phase of control and mainstreaming since 2013 with the Snowden affair.
| ISBN: | 9781137317933 |
| Publication date: | 1st September 2015 |
| Author: | Karatzogianni, Athina |
| Publisher: | Palgrave Macmillan UK |
| Format: | Ebook (PDF) |