Nasr Muhammad Arif is Visiting Professor at University of St Andrews, UK, and Professor of Political Science at Cairo University in Egypt. He served as Professor of Islamic Studies and founding Executive Director of the Institute for Islamic World Studies at Zayed University, UAE. He has published many works on political and social development, Islamic thought and movement, and Muslim culture and adaptations in English and Arabic. His works have been published in Arabic and translated into English, Spanish, Hungarian, Kurdish, Persian, Indonesian, and Urdu. His research concentrates on Islamic traditions and political thought, the history of Islamic cultures, political development, and comparative political systems. He received a PhD degree in political science, in 1995, from Cairo University, Egypt, and the University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA.
Shaojin Chai is a faculty member of the Department of International Relations at the University of Sharjah,
