The last year of the war saw Russian offensives that cleared the Germans out of their final strongholds in Finland and the Baltic states, before advancing into Finnmark in Norway and the east European states that bordered Germany: Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary. By spring 1945 the Red Army had reached to Vienna and the Balkans, and had thrust deep into Germany where they met American, French, and British troops advancing from the west. The final days of the Third Reich were at hand. Berlin was first surrounded, then attacked and taken. Hitler's suicide and his successors' unconditional surrender ended the war.
For writers and historians who concentrate on the Western Allies and the battles in France and the Low Countries, the Eastern Front comes as a shock. The sheer size of both the territories and the forces involved; the savagery of both weather and the fighting; the appalling suffering of the civilian populations of all countries; and the wreckage of towns and cities-it's no wonder that words like Armageddon are used to describe the annihilation.
A must-listen narrative history, Red Army into the Reich provides a detailed account of how the Red Army pushed west and into Berlin in 1945.
Peter der Große war zwar persönlich ein Mensch, dem man heute wohl Hyperaktivität diagnostizieren würde, aber er verfolgte konsequent langfristige Ziele, wie er bei der Modernisierung seines Landes und der Gründung von Sankt Petersburg bewies. Russland kennzeichnet sich auch heute durch eine sehr geschichtsbezogene Denkweise - ganz im Gegensatz zur europäischen Politik. Dieses G/Geschichte Porträt nimmt das bis heute zwiespältige Erbe Peters des Großen in den Blick und stellt spannende aktuelle Bezüge her.-
Сергей Михайлович Соловьев - знаменитый русский историк, автор Истории России с древнейших времен - монументального труда, на создание которого ученый затратил долгих 30 лет неустанной еже дневной работы. В настоящее издание вошли главы из Истории России.
СОЛОВЬЕВ Леонид Васильевич (1906-1962) - русский писатель. Соловьеву удалось перенести народный эпос Востока, существующий в виде баек и анекдотов в разряд высокой литературы, избежав при этом высокомерия и конъюнктурных прикрас. Первая часть Повести о Х
In late November 1942, Soviet forces surrounded Paulus' Sixth Army in a pocket outside the Russian city of Stalingrad. In response the Germans planned a relief operation, Operation Winter Storm, intended to break through the Soviet forces and open the pocket, releasing the encircled units. The 6th Panzer Division was the spearhead of the German relief force.
The attack started on December 12th, 1942 and was aborted on December 23rd after heavy Soviet counterattacks. This failure sealed the fate of the German 6th Army in Stalingrad.
This account of the operation was first published in German in 1961, written by the well-respected military historian and retired German officer, Schiebert Horst. It covers the entire operation from the situation in mid-November through the two German offensives, the Soviet counteroffensive and ongoing fighting until early January.
Westerners today grow up with abundant opportunities to determine their own values, identities, and roles in society. But for generations, millions who lived under Soviet rule in the USSR had these essential freedoms withheld, determined instead by a central authority that claimed the right to choose for them and enforce their compliance. Thirty years after the Soviet Union's decisive collapse, the old communist paradigm continues to limit those who come of age in a post-Soviet world.
Everyone Is an Entrepreneur showcases the experience of an American author acclimating to life in the developing post-Soviet economy of Armenia. Along the way, he examines how the intelligent and hardworking people he lives among are stuck in a state of transition away from all-encompassing, bureaucratic control. They struggle to adjust to the responsibilities of economic self-determination because they have never learned how to see the world through entrepreneurial eyes.
Entrepreneurship is a principled way of seeing the world, a paradigm that applies to people in all cultural and economic circumstances: Artists, office workers, doctors, teachers, farmers, and laborers alike. By adopting this universal outlook, anyone can produce more wealth, accomplish bigger goals, and take control of their life like never before.
A compelling intellectual biography of Stalin told through his personal library.
In this engaging life of the twentieth century's most self-consciously learned dictator, Geoffrey Roberts explores the books Stalin read, how he read them, and what they taught him. Stalin firmly believed in the transformative potential of words and his voracious appetite for reading guided him throughout his years. A biography as well as an intellectual portrait, this book explores all aspects of Stalin's tumultuous life and politics.
Stalin, an avid reader from an early age, amassed a surprisingly diverse personal collection of thousands of books, many of which he marked and annotated revealing his intimate thoughts, feelings, and beliefs. Based on his wide-ranging research in Russian archives, Roberts tells the story of the creation, fragmentation, and resurrection of Stalin's personal library. As a true believer in communist ideology, Stalin was a fanatical idealist who hated his enemies-the bourgeoisie, kulaks, capitalists, imperialists, reactionaries, counter-revolutionaries, traitors-but detested their ideas even more.
By the end of the 19th century, the Russian Empire seemed to be at the zenith of its power and reach. It was the largest country in the world, stretching from the Black Sea on the eastern edge of Europe to the Bering Straits in the extreme east of Asia. Even by rail, it took over ten days to travel from one side of the country to the other. Its standing army of over 1.3 million men was the largest in the world, and the “Russian Steamroller” was regarded as one of the most potent military forces available to any ruler.
The sudden and unexpected rise of Japanese influence in the region was opposed by Russia, Germany, and France, who threatened war with Japan unless the terms that ended the war were changed. Reluctantly, the Japanese agreed to withdraw from Manchuria, but they never forgot or forgave what they saw as the way in which the unwarranted European influence was used against them.
Japanese suspicions were reinforced when Russia subsequently concluded a treaty of alliance with China and forced the tottering regime to grant a lease of the Liaodong peninsula to Russia. Russian troops occupied Port Arthur and began to build massive fortifications around the city. The port was linked to Russia by a new railroad that connected to the Trans-Siberian Railroad at the Chinese city of Harbin. Russia also insisted on the right to use its troops to defend the new railroad throughout its length in China. Although the terms by which Russia leased the port from China were temporary, it was clear that Port Arthur was intended to become Russia’s new warm-water port on the Pacific.
To most observers, it seemed clear that Japan and Russia were destined to come into conflict in Korea and Manchuria. Both empires were set on expansion, and both saw these areas as important. However, Russia’s vastly larger population, army, and navy seemed to make it inevitable that Japan would lose if the conflict escalated into war.
Lenin's journey in a sealed train took place in April 1917 during the First World War. The journey took Vladimir Ilyich Lenin together with other emigrants from Swiss exile through the German Reich via Scandinavia to Petrograd, today's Saint Petersburg. The 'sealed train' was only used on the German part of the route. Lenin's arrival in Russia led to the 1917 revolution and the peace treaty between Russia and Germany in March 1918.
You may have heard about him: Attila the Hun. Let's discover who this individual actually was and why he has such a bad track record of being a callous, aggressive conqueror in the first millennium after Christ. Attila the Hun was the ruler of the Huns from the year 434 till his death in the month of March in the year 453. Also, he was the leader of a tribal realm which consisted mainly of Huns, Ostrogoths, Alans and Bulgars, to name a few, in Central Europe and in Eastern Europe.
In this guide, you will learn more about the wars, his enemies, the battles around Rome, his life, his death, and his legacy. Some of the information about his has been falsely attributed to certain details because of how much has been lost in historical records, but we can still get a slightly accurate image of who he was, what he did, and why he has become such an infamous figure.
The Dyatlov Pass incident resulted in nine unsolved, mysterious deaths; Keith McCloskey attempts to decipher the bizarre events that led up to that night and the subsequent aftermath
In January 1959, ten experienced young skiers set out to travel to a mountain named Mount Otorten in the far north of Russia. During the trip, one of the skiers fell ill and returned. The remaining nine lost their way and ended up on another mountain slope known as Kholat Syakhl, or 'Mountain of the Dead.'
On the night of February 1, 1959, something or someone caused the skiers to flee their tent in terror, using knives to slash their way out instead of using the entrance. When they failed to return home, search parties were sent out and their bodies were found, some with massive internal injuries but all without external marks. The autopsy report showed that the injuries were caused by 'an unknown compelling force.' The area was sealed off for years and the deaths and events of that night remained unexplained.
Benefiting from original research carried out in Russia, this book attempts to explain what happened to the nine skiers who lost their lives in what has come to be known as the 'Dyatlov Pass Incident.'
This must-listen book tells the chilling story of an American-born Soviet spy in the atom bomb project in World War II, perfect for fans of The Americans.
George Koval was born in Iowa. In 1932, his parents, Russian Jews who had emigrated because of anti-Semitism, decided to return home to live out their socialist ideals. George, who was as committed to socialism as they were, went with them. There, he was recruited by the Soviet Army as a spy and returned to the US in 1940. A gifted science student, he enrolled at Columbia University, where he knew scientists soon to join the Manhattan Project, America's atom bomb program. After being drafted into the US Army, George used his scientific background and connections to secure an assignment at a site where plutonium and uranium were produced to fuel the atom bomb. There, and later in a second top-secret location, he had full access to all facilities, and he passed highly sensitive information to Moscow.
The ultimate sleeper agent, Koval was an all-American boy who had played baseball, loved Walt Whitman's poetry, and mingled freely with fellow Americans. After the war he got away without a scratch. It is indisputable that his information landed in the right hands in Moscow. In 1949, Soviet scientists produced a bomb identical to America's years earlier than US experts expected.
