In 1095, Pope Urban II delivered a powerful call-to-arms to begin the First Crusade. Robert the Monk, likely an eyewitness, recorded this speech years later, after the crusade had ended. In his account, Urban described horrific crimes committed against Christians living in the east, and Robert noted the emotional response of the gathered crowd. His account diverges widely from another eyewitness documentation of the same speech, written by Fulcher of Chartres, so most historians treat Robert's version as a dramatization of history.
"Against the Infidels" is Fulcher of Chartres eyewitness account of Pope Urban II's call-to-arms in 1095. This speech launched the First Crusade, but the several historical transcripts record it slightly differently. Fulcher's account includes a section in which Urban assures crusaders they would be granted redemption from sins in exchange for their service. His is considered the most definitive eyewitness record of the speech, in contrast to Robert the Monk's more dramatic interpretation of the event.
